Document Type : Original Article
Author
1Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, A.C., Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Abstract: This paper presents a novel passive approach for islanding detection of wind turbines. Islanding is such a condition which the DG get disconnected from the utility because of disturbances in the network. Islanding can create many problems in power systems and existing standards thus do not permit the DGs to be utilized in island mode. Some of the major problems that can happen in island mode are: disruption in the protection network, over load conditions of DG, out of phase connection of DG to the network, decrement of the customer’s power quality, safety hazards for personnel, DG over loads and etc. The proposed method in this paper is based on the voltage signal that is measured in point of common coupling (PCC) and processing this voltage with mathematical morphology (MM). In comparison with other methods, this method is so fast. The simulations of this paper is based on Matlab/Simulink and the feasibility of the proposed technique is evaluated with that simulations. The results of the evaluation and comparison with other methods approves the feasible performance and higher speed of the proposed method.
Keywords
[1] Walling R. A, Saint R, Dugan R. C, Burke J, Kojovic L.A. Summary of distributed resources impact on power delivery systems. IEEE Trans. Power Del., Jul. 2008, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 1636-1644.
[2] Il-Song Kim. Islanding Detection Technique using Grid-Harmonic Parameters in the Photovoltaic System. 2nd International Conference on Advances in Energy Engineering (ICAEE), Energy Procedia 14(2012); 137-141.
[3] Yu B, Matsui M, Yu G. A review of current anti-islanding methods for photovoltaic power system. Solar Energy 2010; 84:745–54.
[4] W. El-Khattam, T. S. Sidhu. Evaluation of Two Anti-Islanding Schemes for a Radial Distribution System Equipped with Self-Excited Induction Generator Wind Turbines. IEEE Trans. Power Del. Mar. 2010, vol. 25, no. 1.
[5] Wilsun X, Guibin Z, Chun L, Wencong W, Guangzhu W, Kliber J. A power line signaling based technique for anti-islanding protection of distributed generators; Part I: Scheme and analysis. IEEE Trans Power Deliver 2007; 22:1758–66.
[6] Wencong W, Kliber J, Guibin Z, Wilsun X, Howell B, Palladino T. A power line signaling based scheme for anti-islanding protection of distributed generators; Part II: Field test results. IEEE Trans Power Deliver 2007; 22:1767–72.
[7] Ku Ahmad KNE, Selvaraj J, Rahim NA. A review of the islanding detection methods in grid-connected PV inverters. Renew Sust Energy Rev 2013; 21:756–66.
[8] Freitas W, Wilsun X, Affonso CM, Zhenyu H. Comparative analysis between ROCOF and vector surge relays for distributed generation applications. IEEE Trans Power Deliver 2005; 20:1315–24.
[9] Jia K, Bi T, Liu B, Thomas D, Goodman A. Advanced islanding detection utilized in distribution systems with DFIG. Int J Electr Power 2014; 63:113–23.
[10] O’Kane P, Fox B. Loss of mains detection for embedded generation by system impedance monitoring. In: Sixth international conference on developments in power system protection (Conf Publ No 434); 1997. P. 95–8.
[11] De Mango F, Liserre M, Aquila AD, Pigazo A. Overview of anti-islanding algorithms for PV systems. Part I: Passive Methods. In: 12th power electronics and motion control conference (EPE-PEMC); 2006. P. 1878–83.
[12] Sung-Il J, Kwang-Ho K. An islanding detection method for distributed generations using voltage unbalance and total harmonic distortion of current. IEEE Trans Power Deliver 2004; 19:745–52.
[13] Singam B, Hui LY. Assessing SMS and PJD schemes of anti-islanding with varying quality factor. In: IEEE intern. power and energy conference (PECon); 2006. P. 196–201.
[14] Edhura K.N, Ahmad K, Selveraj J, Rahim N.A. A Review of The Islanding Detection Methods in Grid-Connected PV Inverters. renewable and sustainable energy reviews 2013; vol.21, pp 756-766.
[15] Lopes LAC, Huili S. Performance assessment of active frequency drifting islanding detection methods. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 2006; 21:171–80.
[16] Liu F, Kang Y, Zhang Y, Duan S, Lin X. Improved SMS islanding detection method for grid-connected converters. IET Renew Power Gen 2010; 4:36–42.
[17] De Mango F, Liserre M, Aquila AD. Overview of anti-islanding algorithms for PV systems. Part II: active methods. In: 12th international power electronics and motion control conference (EPE-PEMC); 2006. P. 18849.
[18] Li C, Cao C, Cao Y, Kuang Y, Zeng L, Fang B. A review of islanding detection methods for microgrid. Renew Sust Energy Rev 2014; 35:211–20.
[19] Ropp ME, Begovic M. Analysis and performance assessment of the active frequency drift method of islanding prevention. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 1999; 14:810–6.
[20] Trujillo CL, Velasco D, Figueres E, Garcer. G. Analysis of active islanding detection methods for grid-connected microinverters for renewable energy processing. Appl Energy 2010; 87:3591–605.
[21] Karimi H, Iravani R. Negative-sequence current injection for fast islanding detection of a distributed resource unit. IEEE Trans Power Elec. 2008; 23:298–307.
[22] Tuyen ND, Fujita G. Negative-sequence current injection of dispersed generation for islanding detection and unbalanced fault ride-through. In: 46th international universities’ power engineering conference (UPEC); 2011. P. 1–6.
[23] Sung-Il,Jang; Kwang-Ho Kim. An islanding detection method for distributed generations using voltage unbalance and total harmonic distortion of current. IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, 2009; vol. 19, pp. 745 – 752.
[24] Menon V, Nehrir MH. A hybrid islanding detection technique using voltage unbalance and frequency set point. IEEE Trans Power Syst 2007; 22:442–8.
[25] Mahat P, Zhe C, Bak-Jensen B. A hybrid islanding detection technique using average rate of voltage change and real power shift. IEEE Trans Power Deliver 2009; 24:764–71.
[26] Wen-Yeau C. A hybrid islanding detection method for distributed synchronous generators. In: International power electronics conference (IPEC); 2010. P. 1326–30.
[27] Vahedi H, Noroozian R, Jalilvand A, Gharehpetian GB. Hybrid SFS and Q–f islanding detection method for inverter-based DG. In: IEEE international conference on power and energy (PECon); 2010. P. 672–6.
[28] Laghari JA, Mokhlis H, Bakar AHA, Karimi M. A new islanding detection technique for multiple mini hydro based on rate of change of reactive power and load connecting strategy. Energy Convers Manage 2013; 76:215–24.
[29] Raza S, Mokhlis H, Arof H, Laghari J.A, Wang L. Application of signal processing techniques for islanding detection of distributed generation in distribution network: A review . Energy Conversion and Management 96 (2015) 613–624.
[30] Gautam S, Brahma S. M.. Overview of Mathematical Morphology in Power Systems – A Tutorial Approach, Power & Energy Society General Meeting, 2009. PES '09. IEEE2009; 1 - 7, DOI: 10.1109.
[31] Morais A.P, Cardoso Júnior G, Mariotto L, Marchesan G. A morphological filtering algorithm for fault detection in transmissionlines during power swings. Electric Power Systems Research 2015; 0378-7796/© 2014 Elsevier B.V.
[32] R. Pena, J.C. Clare, G.M. Asher, "Doubly fed induction generator using back-to-back PWM converters and its application to variable-speed wind-energy generation," IEEE Proc.-Electr. Power Appl., Vol. 143, No. 3, May 1996.
[33] The MathWorks, "SimPowerSystems For Use with Simulink", User’s Guide Version R2014a.
[34] Kazemi Karegar H, Sobhani B. Wavelet transform method for islanding detection of wind turbines. Renewable Energy 38 (2012) 94e106.
[35] Jae-Hyung K, Jun-Gu K, Young-Hyok J, Yong-Chae J, Chung-Yuen W. An islanding detection method for a grid-connected system based on the goertzel algorithm. IEEE Trans Power Electr 2011; 26:1049–55.
[36] Hanif M, Basu M, Gaughan K. Development of EN50438 compliant waveletbased islanding detection technique for three-phase static distributed generation systems. IET Renew Power Gen 2012; 6:289–301.
[37] Samantaray SR, Pujhari TM, . A new approach to islanding detection in distributed generations. In: International conference on power systems (ICPS); 2009. p. 1–6.
[38] Samui A, Samantaray SR. Wavelet singular entropy-based islanding detection in distributed generation. IEEE Trans Power Deliver 2013; 28:411–8.
[39] Ray PK, Mohanty SR, Kishor N. Disturbance detection in grid-connected distributed generation system using wavelet and s-transform. Ele. Power Syst Res 2011;81:805–819.
[40] Mohanty SR, Kishor N, Ray PK, Catalao JPS. Islanding detection in a distributed generation based hybrid system using intelligent pattern recognition . S. Raza et al. / Energy Conversion and Management 96 (2015) 613–624 623 techniques. In: 3rd IEEE PES international conference and exhibition on innovative smart grid technologies (ISGT), Europe; 2012. p. 1–5.
[41] Mohammadzadeh Niaki AH, Afsharnia S. A new passive islanding detection method and its performance evaluation for multi-DG systems. Electr Power Syst Res 2014;110:180–7.
)